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Artigos EINA - Deficiência Genética

Síndrome de Turner

CAUSAS

É uma síndrome que aparece em 1 de cada 5.000 nascimentos femininos. Acredita-se ser devida a existência de apenas um cromossomo X funcionante, pois aparece em casos XO, de mosaicismo com células XO e células XX, e também em meninas expressando XYp, isto é um cromossomo Xp anômalo.

O fenotipo da doença parece ser devido a uma redução da proteína RPF4 essencial para o funcionamento celular e codificada por genes presentes nos cromossomos X e Y. A redução decorreria da existência de apenas um cromossomo X funcional para a produção da proteína.

SINTOMAS

A redução da RPF4 parece provocar vários distúrbios de migração neural durante a embriogênese, que comprometem principalmente as porções posteriores do hemisféiro direito.

Os efeitos da doença são muito variáveis, mas se traduzem principalmente as atividades visuoespaciais, raciocínio espacial e rotação mental. O QI verbal em geral supera o QI para outras habilidades. Déficits das funções executivas e memória podem também ser observados.

 


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